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(Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1..

C. M. BROWN.

GRINDING LATER. No. 370,003. Patented Sept. 1s, 1087..

(Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2. C. M. BROWN.

GRINDING LATHB. No. 370.003. Patened Sept. 13, 1887.

(Model.) C M BROWN sheets-shet.

GRINDING LATHB. No, 370,003. Patented Sept. 11151887.

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N. PETERS. Pham-Limogmplwr, washingqon. D. C.

5 Sheets- Sheet 4.

0. M. BROWN.

@BINDING LATER.

(Model.)

No. 370,003. Patented Sept; 13, 1887.

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N. PETERS, Pnnxa-uthnguphur. washngmn. DA C.

(Model) C. M. BROWNl 5 sheemsheet 5.

GRINDING LATHE.

Patented Sept. 13, 1887 No' 370,003l

7a i l IINTTED STATES PATENT OEETCE.

CHARLES M. BROVN, OF ROCKFORD, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE INOWL- TONMANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

GRlNDING-LATHE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 370,003, datedSeptember 13, 1887.

(Bladel.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Bc it known that I, CHARLES M. BROWN, a citizen ofthe UnitedStates,residing in the city of Rockford, in the county of Winnebago andState of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Grinding-Lathe, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to grinding-lathes in which revolving grindingwheels are einio ployed.

The object of this invention is to produce a lathe capable of use ingrinding the exterior or interior surfaces of tapering or coniecylinders having plain or grooved surfaces, spiral,

1 g or otherwise. To this end I have designed and constructed the latherepresented in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a planview of a lathe embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sec- 2otion cnt upon dotted line l on Fig. 4 through the lathecenters, in whichthe guide-bar Lis omitted, being fully shown in other figures. Fig. 3 isa plan View of the head-end portion of the lathe-bed and a portion ofthe headstock in place thereon, showing its construction for the purposeof adjustment on the bed. Fig. 4 is a side elevation. Fig. 5 is a planview with head and tail stocks omitted. Fig.

6 is a vertical transversesectionon dotted line 3o 2 on Fig. l, as seenfrom the head end of the lathe, shaft D being omitted. Fig. 7 is avcrtical transverse section on dotted line 3 on Fig. l as seen from thetail end of the lathe. Fig. 8 is a vertical transverse section on dottedline at on Fig. l as seen from the tail end of the lathe, the part Lbeing omitted. Fig. 9

is an elevation of the head end of the lathe. Fig. 10 is an elevation ofthe tail end of the lathe. Fig. 1l is an isonietrical representa- 4otion of the gear-wheel of the head-stock. Fig.

l2 is an isometrical representation ofthe grindingwheel and itsarm-support employed in grinding the internal conic surfaces. Fig. 13

is an isometrical representation of belt-guides or idle-pulleys employedin connection with the grinder, Fig. 12. Fig. let is a plan view of thelathe adjusted to grind the external surfaces of the conic cylinder.Fig. l5 is a tailend elevation ofFig. 14. Fig. 16 is an isomet- 5o ricalrepresentation of the dog to hold the Fig. 17 is an isometrical shalt ofthe cylinder.

representation of the grinding-wheel and its support employed ingrinding the external surface of the cylinder. Fig. 18 is an isometricalrepresentation of the belt -guidcs employed in connection with thegrinder, Fig. 17; and Fig. 19 is a vertical transverse section of aportion of the tool-post and grinding-wheel and its support on dottedline 5 on Fig. 14.

In the figures of the'acconipanying draw- 6o ings, A represents alathe-bed of the usual construction mounted in the usual manner onsuitable supports.

At B is represented a head-stock mounted upon the head end of the bed,having a pivotal connection therewith at the point e in its frontforward corner and slotted openings a in its other corners, throughwhich screw-bolts are passed, having a screw-thread connection with thebed in such a manner as to serve to tix the 7c head-block in position onthe bed and, by means ofthe slotted openings, permit a limitedadjustment ofthe head-stock upon the bed to vary the angle of itsspindle relatively with the lengthwise axis thereof. The vertical endWalls, B', of this headstock are oblique to the lengthwise axis of thebed, arid in these end walls a spindle, B", is supported to revolve insuitable bearings, having its lengthwise axis at right angles to the endwalls, and conse 8o quently oblique to the lengthwise axis of the bed.This spindle is provided in the usual manner with a conie center, a,made removable.

At C is represented an index-plate of disk S5 form fixed tothe spindleto revolve therewith. This disk is perforated at proper` intervals inconcentric circles or rings @,to correspond with the intervals of thedivisions of the work to be operated upon in the lathe. 9o

C represents a chuck produced in face-plate form provided at properintervals with chuckarms projecting from its face sido. These armsconsist, first, of a shoulder portion, l, fitted with adj listing-screwsZ, screw-threaded 9 5 therein parallel with the axis of the chuck toreceive the end of the work placed therein. These arms also consist ofthe projecting arm portions l, tted with clampingscrews ZH',screw-threaded into the arms inradial lines to 1o engage the peripheryof the work to center and hold it in the chuck. This chuck isscrewthreaded onto the projecting end of the spindle in the usualmanner. lIn this instance, to illustrate the practical working of myimproved lathe, I have employed and Xed in the chuck a conic cylinder,C, substantially such as used'in the Gratiot Mill patent, No. 260,750,July l1, 1882, having its inner surface provided with-spiral grooves m,of sawtooth form in section, and their number in equal divisionscorrespond to the number of perforations in one of the concentric ringsc in the index-disk.

At C is represented a toothed gear-wheel mounted loosely upon thespindle in position to engage theindeX-disk on its head end, .and it isheld in place thereon by means of a collar, c', fixed in place on thespindle by means of a set-screw. This gear-wheel is provided with holesc, one of which at least will coincide with the holes in each ring ofholes in the index-disk in such a manner that a pin, 0', passed throughone of the holes in the gearwheel, will, when turned to the properposition, enter a.hole in one of the annular rings of holes in the diskand serve to connect the gear-wheel and indexdisk at any point withinthe limits of the device to adjust them relatively with each other andto cause them to revolve together.

At D is represented a shaft placed parallel with the spindle in thehead-stock, and supported to revolve in bearings in rearward-projectingarms D of the vertical end walls, B.

At D is represented a toothed gear-pinion mounted upon the shaft D,having a featherconnection therewith in such a manner as to permit it tobe moved endwise thereon into or out of connection with the gear-wheel Con the head-spindle. This shaft D is also fitted with a belt-pulley, DQ,which receives a belt, D, from a pulley, D5, on a counter-shaft, E,which may be connected with a prime mover in any suitable manner. Fromthis arrangement it will be seen that when the gear-pinion engages thegear-wheel motion imparted to thepinion will be transmitted to thegearwheel,causing it to revolve on its shaft-support, and when it isconnected to the indexplate the spindle will be made to revolve with thegear-wheel.

At E is: represented a transverse slidebar capable of a reciprocatingendwise sliding movement under the gear-Wheel at right angles to thelengthwise axis of the bed in guides formed in the under face of thehead-stock. On this slide-bar is removably Xed a geartoothed rack-bar,E, having its gear-teeth engage the gear-teeth of the gear-Wheel in sucha manner that the endwise back-and-forth movement of the slide bar withthe gear-l toothed rack fixed thereto will impart an oscillatorymovement to the gear-wheel.

At F is represented a slide-bar capable of a reciprocating `endvvisesliding movement in the lengthwise axis of the lathe-bed in suitableguides.

At Fv is represented a grooved shifting bar having a central pivotalconnection at d with the lengthwise slide-bar F, and by means of asegment-slot, d, in the lengthwise slide-bar, concentric with-thepivotal center of the shifting. bar, and a clamping screw, d, passedthrough the segment-slot into the endportion of the shifting bar, it ismade adjustable to vary its inclination relatively with the slidebar.This shifting bar F is connected with the transverse slide-bar E bymeans of a stud, cZ, depending from the under face of said bar andentering the groove in the pivotal shifting bar F in such a manner thatthe endwise movement of the slide-bar F will impart anV endwise movementto the transverse slide-bar E, and, by means of the rack-bar, willimpart an oscillatory movement to the gear-wheel. Instead of the stud d,to slide in the grooved way in the pivoted bar F', a suitable block maybe provided to receive the stud, and adapted to slide in the grooved wayof the pivoted bar.

At G is represented a toolcarriage, which,

in theA main,`is of the usual form of such parts,

and is fitted` to slide lengthwise on ways on the lathe-bed. Thiscarriage is connected with a feed-screw gear, G3, ,supported under theprojecting edge of the bed to revolve in suit-A able bearings fixedthereto. The connection of the carriage with the feed-screw through themedium of screw-gear G3 is such as to cause the carriage to move backand forth on the ways as the feed-screw is made to revolve in one or theother direction. It is also capable of a back-and-forth movement on theways independent of the rotary movement of the feedscrew. To accomplishth ese movements of the carriage I have in this instance employed ascreW-gear,G, placed in working contact with the feedscrew, having itsshaft G4 supported to revolve in a bearing in the vertical faceplate ofthe carriage and extending through the hub of the hand-wheel G, havingits projecting end itted with a screw-nut, G5, by means of which thescrew-gear can be clamped and held to the inner face of the face-plateto receive the action of the feed-screw to operate the carriage. Thehand-wheel G is fixed in a free manner to the shaft of a screw-gear bymeans of a pin passed through the hub thereof and through a slottedopening in the shaft, to cause them to revolve in unison when releasedfrom frictional contact with the faceplate, and when thus relieved thehand-wheel, in its connection with the feed-screw, serves as a means bywhich an attendant may be able to move the carriage in either directionon the ways by turning the wheel in the proper direction.

The tail-end portion of the lengthwise slidebar F is provided with alengthwise vertical slot, e, and a clamping-screw, e', passed throughthe slot and screw-threaded into the under face of the carriage, servesto x the parts to each IOO llO

other in such a manner as to cause the slide to 'This slotted andscrew-clamp connection of the slide with the tool-carriage furnishes themeans of adjustment by which the slide may be connected with thecarriage at any point within the limits of the slot. The head end of thelathe is provided with a train of beltsheaves consisting of a sheave, h,on the projecting head end of the eounter-shaftD in the head-stock, apair of differential or speed sheaves, h and h, supported to revolve ona stud-journal projecting from the rear corner of head end ot' the bed,and a sheave, h, on the projecting head end of the feed-screw. Thesheave h on the counter-shaft and the larger sheave, h, of thedifferential sheaves are connected by a belt, i, and the smaller sheave,It, of the differential sheaves is connected with the sheave h on thefeed-screw bya belt, i, from which it will be seen that motion impartedto the counter-shaft of the head-stock i will be transmitted through thesheave-train to the feed-screw, and thence to the carriage.

At H is represented a tool-post supported upon the carriage in a mannerto permit it to move laterally thereon relatively with the lathe-bed insuitable guideways formed on the central bar of the carriage, extendingcrosswise ot" thelathe-bed. This carriage is provided with atool-post-shif'ting screw, 7s, extending crosswise ot' the lathe-bed ina groove prepared for its reception through the central portion of thecarriage, in which it is supported to revolve in suitable end bearings.The screw-threaded portion of this shiftingscrew has a screw-threadconnection with an arm, k', depending from the under face of the i nalforni to enter the tubular bearing in the tool-post, from which itextends toward the -head end of the lathe. The head end of thistool-supporting arm is provided with a shaft, u, transverse to said armand supported to revolve in bearings in the free end portion thereof.The shaft n of the grinding-wheel and sheave is journaled in studsprojecting from a plate adjustably secured to the toolarm by means of ascrew which passes through the arm into the plate, as shown in thedrawings. Upon loosening the screw the plate can be adjusted in avertical plane or about the Y axis ofthe screw, and then secured in adesired position by tightening said screw. On the lower end portion ofthis shattn is mounted a grinding-wheel, u', which may be any oftheknown varieties suitable for the work-such as the emery or corundumwheel or wheels prepared from suitable stone. On the upper end portionofthis shaftn is fixed a belt-sheave, n, to receive a belt to impartmotion to the grinding-wheel.

At I is represented a vertical bracket ixed to the tool-post andmadeadjustable thereon by means of its slotted foot portion n and aclampingscrew passing through the slot and screw-threaded into thetool-post.

At o are represented idle belt-sheaves snpported to revolve onstud-journals of brackets 0, which are supported on the portion of thebracket I which rises above the tool-post, to which they are adjustablyfixed by means of clam ping-screws o, passed through the parts, anelongated slot of customary forni being provided in the bracket. Theseidlers receive and serve to change the direction of the belt 0 in itspassage round the sheave n in the free end of the tool-supporting armand over the driving-drum K on the overhead countershaft E, which is ofsufficient length to permit the travel of the belt in the movement ofthe carriage on the ways of the lathebed.

At L is represented a lever-arm having a screw-clamp connection with thetail end ot' the journal of the tool-supporting arm H", from which itextends in a horizontal lateral position toward the front side of thelathe. The outer or free end portion of this lever-arm is slottedlengthwise horizontally to receive a guide-bar, L', to slide thereonfreely. This guide-bar L is supported in a vertical plane parallel withthe lathe-bed on vertical supportsL7 fixed to the bed, from which theyrise and receive the end portions of the guide-bar, which are fixed tothe supports by means of screw-clamps in a manner to permit of a readyadjustment thereon vertically. This guidebar, by means of itsconnections with its vertical supports, is capable of any inclinationwithin the limits ofthe device relatively with the horizontal plane ofthelathe-bed, and when inclined to the plane of the lathe-bed will causethe toolsupporting arm to oscillate on itsjournal-bearing in thetool-post when the carriage is moved back and forth on the bed.

In the use of my improved lathe for grinding the internal surfaces of aconic cylinder7 substantially such as shown and hereinbefore described,the lathe isadjusted for the purpose by removing the gear-toothedrack-bar E and placing the gear-toothed pinion D in working contact withthe gear-wheel C' on the head-spindle. The conic cylinder C is thenplaced in the chuck, properly centered, and securely fixed therein bymeans of the radial clamping screws Z". The cylinder is then properlyaligned with the ways of the lathebed by adjusting the head-block on thebed by the means provided for the purpose. The tool-supporting arm H,with the grindingwheel a in place thereon, is then adjusted to bring thegrinding-wheel in working position to the inner face of the cylinder7which is accomplished by the vertical adjustment of the guide-bar L bymeans of the screw-clamp connection of its ends with the verticalsupports, and the lateral adjustment of the toolpost by means of thetool-post-shifting screw k. With theseseveral parts properly adjusted,

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substantially as stated, motion imparted to the lathe through itsbelt-connection with the..

overhead counter-shaft will be transmitted to the cy1inder,causing it torevolve, and through the feed-screw to the carriage, causing it totraverse the ways of the llathe-bed, carrying the grindingwheel throughthe cylinder lengthwise, and in this movement the grinding-wheel will bemade to revolve in contact with the inner surface of the groovedcylinder by means of its belt-connection with the drum on the overheadcounter-shaft, and in the combination of movements will operate to grindthe inner projecting edge portions of the grooved inner surface of thecylinder or hollow cone to a uniform taper in every portion concentricwith its axis. After the inner surface of the cylinder is reduced to theproper size and form by grinding, the gear-pinion is disengaged from thegear-wheel on the spindle and the gear-toothed rack-bar E is replacedand xed in position to engage the teeth of gear-wheel C. The lengthwiseslide-bar F is then properly adjusted and xed to the carriage by meansof the clamping-screw c'. The shifting bar F/ is then adjusted on itspivotal connection with the lengthwise slide-bar at such an anglerelatively with the slide-bar, and xed in position thereon by means ofthe clamping-screw, that the endwise movement of the slide-bar, by meansof its connection with the carriage, will cause the cylinder tooscillate in such a manner that the movement of the grinding-wheel shallaccurately trace the spiral grooves in the cylinder. In this instance itis required that the grooves shall be of a uniform depth throughouttheir length, and inasmuch as the number of the grooves is'the same atboth the large and small ends of the cylinder they are consequently ofgreater width at the large end than at the small end thereof. Thisdifference of width in the grooves, in connection with their uniformdepth, requires that the working-faces of the grinding-wheel during itslengthwise movement through the cylinder shall have an oscillatorymovement upon the axis of its supporting-arm substantially uniformduring its lengthwise movement through the cylinder to adj ust thegrinding-faces ofthe wheel to the radial and inclined faces ofthegrooves therein. This I accomplish in this instance by the connectionof the tool-supporting arm H, by

, means of the lever-arm L, with the guidebar L', having its ends madeindependently adjustable on vits vertical supports, to vary itsinclination with the lathe-bed to regulate the oscillatory movement oft-he tool-supporting arm carrying the grindingwheel. This oscillatingmovement of the grinding-wheel properly adjusted within the capabilitiesofthe devices employed for the purpose, in connection with theoscillating movements of cylinder properly adjusted within thecapabilities of the devices employed for its adjustment, will, in theircombined movements, cause the grinding-wheelin its lengthwise movementsthrough rack-bar.

vment thereon.

the cylinder to`trace the radial and inclined surfaces accuratelythroughout their entire length. l

By the construction and arrangement of the disk-formed index-wheel iixedto the spindle supporting the chuck-head, in connection with thegear-wheel loosely mounted on the spindle, the chuck head and the worksupported therein are made adjustable relatively with the gear-wheel ineither direction by means of the pin connecting the index-wheel with thegear-wheel, and in this instance the indexwheel is perforated tocorrespond with the number ofgrooves in the cylinder, from which it willbe seen that each groove in the cylinder may be adjusted to the sameposition relatively with the gear-wheel, and consequently in the samerelation to the adjusted grindingwheel, by which the several grooves inthe cylinder may be ground uniform.

The depth of the groove is determined by the relative position of theaxis of the cylinder and the tool or tool-arm. This is constant in thedirection of the depth of groove after adjustment of parts.

The width ofthe groove for any single adj ustment is determined by thebreadth of the grinding -face. To make the groove wider than this at thelarge end ot' the cylinder the latter may be adjusted to bring the partof the proposed groove that was not cut by the irst operation because ofthe narrowness of the tool under the same by moving, the latter to theright and revolving the index-wheel and spindle and securing the indexand gear wheels together in the new position. The rotation of thecylinder can be made to correspond with the greater curvature of therequired path of the tool in this new adjustment by means of the bar F',in its combination with the longitudinal bar and the transverseordinarily, the grinding wheel may not be sufliciently wide on itsworking-face to cut th full width of the groove.

This lathe is also designed to grind the outer surface of coniccylinders, as represented in" Figs. 14 to 18, incl usive, and for thispurpose the lathe-bedis provided with a tail-stock, M, fitted to theways and capable ofa lengthwise adjust- The upper portion, p, of thistail-stock is of slideform, fitted to move laterally relatively to thelathe-bed on the base portion M of the tail-block in guideways, and isslotted lengthwise, as at p', to receive the clamping-boltp, employed toiix the tail-stock to the bed. The slide portion p of this taillstock isfitted at its rear end with a tail-spindle, p, to move endwise iu asuitable socket, having its axis in the same plane with the axis ofthehead-spindle. This tail-spindle is provided with a removable conicpointed center, r, and is also fitted with a spindle-shifting screw,1"', connected with the spindle and with its supporting-slide, so thatthe rotations of the screw will impart an endwise movement to thespindle.

No reason, however, exists why,

This shifting-screw is provided,

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with a hand-wheel, r", by which to rotate the screw.

At N is represented a conic cylinder, substantially such as are employedin the patent to Gratiot hereinbefore referred to, having its peripheralsurface produced in spiral grooves r, of saw-toothed form in section,and by means of the adjustable head and tail stocks can be readilyaligned with the line of movementoftheearriage. Thiscylinderismountedupon a shaft, P, supported in the lathe upon the conic centers of thespindles. The head end of this shaft is connected to one arm of thechuck by means of a lathe-dog, P', which embraces both the shaft and theclutch-arm snugly to cause it to move with the movements of the lathe inboth directions.

At R is represented a bracket of yoke form adapted to connect with therear face of the tool-post by means of a clamping-screw or otherwise ina manner to hold it in position thereon when adjusted.

At R is represented a grinding-wheel supporting-frame, rectangular inoutline form, and of proper dimensions to enter between the outwardprojecting arms of the yokeformed bracket R, and having a pivotalconnection therewith on opposite sides to permit of an oscillatorymovement of t-he frame within the yoke.

At s is represented a grinding-wheel of any suitable material and otproper dimensions, and the sleeve s of this grinding-wheel is providedwith a belt-sheave, s, through which to impart motion to thegrinding-wheel. This grinding-wheel and belt -sheave are preferablymounted upon an arbor, s, supported to revolve in suitable bearings inthe supportingframe R. To this pivoted supporting-frame of thegrinding-wheel is fixed a lever-arm, u', substantially the same as thelever-arm L, hereinbefore described. This lever-arm u extends laterallytoward the front side of the lathe, having its free end portion slottedto receive the guide-bar L', which, when adjusted on its verticalsupports, will control the oscillatory movements of the grinding-wheelin the back- -and-forth movements of the carriage on the ways of thelathe-bed to cause the face of the grindingwheel to trace the spiralgrooves on the cylinder, substantially in the same manner and for thesame purpose as hereinbefore described in connection with the grinderemployed upon the internal surface of the hollow conic cylinder.

At Tis represented ashaft fitted to enter the tubular bearing H in theupper end portion of the tool-post, in which it is made adjustable, andwhen adjusted is fixed in position by means of a set-screw, t, or otherknown means. This shaft is provided with an anglearm, t', rising fromits end in a vertical position, and to its vertical portion on oppositesides thereof at proper intervals are fixed stud journal-brackets t bymeans of clamping-screws passed through the parts in such a manner as topermit an adjustment ofthe brackets on their supports, elongated slotsbeing provided in the brackets or supports for this purpose.

At a are represented idle belt-sheaves employed to change the directionof the belt 0 on its passage round the sheave s on the sleeve 8 of thegrinding-wheel andover the 'drum K on the overhead counter-shaft. Itwill be seen that the cndwise adjustment of the shaft T will operate tovary the tension of the belt 0', employed to impart motion to thegrinding-wheel.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the lathe is capable/ofadjustments within the limits of the devices to vary the angle oftheaxis of motion relatively with the line of travel of the carriage toproduce cones in which their peripheral lines form various angles withtheir axis or cones of various tapers. It will further be seen that bythe removal of the tool-supporting arm H, with its attachments, and thebracket Lwith its idle-sheaves, and substituting therefor theyoke-bracket R, with its grinding appliances,and the shaft T, with itsidlers, in connection with the adjustments, substantially ashereinbefore described in connection with the conic cylinder 0', thelathe will be fitted to grind and finish the external surface orperiphery of t-he cone N,with its spiral grooves, substantially in thesame manner as hereinbefore described in connection with the grindingand finishing of the spiral grooves of the internal surface of the coniccylinder 0.

In the foregoing I have confined the description of the operation of myimproved lathe to the 'grinding and finishing of the internal andexternal surfaces of the spirally-grooved,conic cylinders C and N; butit is evident that other forms of conic Work,plain or grooved in otherforms,may be ground and finished on my improved lathe.

I am aware that a rectangular head-stock had been pivoted to a lathe-bednear the transverse center thereof prior to` my invention, and my claimin this respect is limited to the construction hereinafter particularlypointed out.

I am also aware that in a machine for cutting spiral grooves ingrinding-rolls the spindle has been made to move the bed or carriageback and forth through the medium of a screwgear on a transverse shaftand a lixed rack with intermediate gear-wheels. A pinion on thetail-stock has also been combined in a machine for grinding twist-drillswith a rack and slide in such a manner that the spindle was rotated whenmoved longitudinally, power ,being transmitted through the spindle.

I am further aware that a spindle, gearwheel, carriage, andfeeding-screw have been so combined in a lathe that the rotation of thespindle moved the carriage. In my combination the spindle is not used asa medium for transmitting power while the cylinder is being ground, asin cases to which my attention has been called and which are abovereferred to. My tool-carriage is moved longitudinally IOO IIO

to its work by mechanism independent of the spindle, but may be returnedby means of a gear-wheel on the spindle, and the means for producingthese operations in the constructions herein claimed are unlike anyknown to me as existing prior to my invention.

Iam aware that a dialplate,disk, stud or pin, and gear-wheel fixed to atubular shaft, said wheel being driven by the movement of the carriagethrough the medium of a fixed rack, pinion, shaft, and wheel, have beenused for the same general purpose as contemplated by my machine; but mycombination is much simpler, and is distinguished by the fact that thegear-wheel, being loosely mounted on the shaft and in immediate contactwith the dial, is adapted to be directly connected thereto and indifferent positions circumferentially, and also by the 'fact that itgears with a pinion connected immediately with the source of power. Thegear-wheel can therefore be rotated by such pinion so as to revolve thespindle and the object to be ground without the lengthwise movement ofthe toolcarriage when it is desired to grind the interior edge of ahollow cylinder or of a frustum of a cone, in which case the tool hasafter adjustment no movement lengthwise of the lathe. Thepinion can alsobe disconnected from the gearwheel, and the transverse movable rackbeing in place said wheel can be made to oscillate or rotate back andforth through the medium of the longitudinal bar and tool-carriage andits driver. During this latter operation the relative position of thedial or index-disk and the gear-wheel can be adjusted, as beforedescribed, by turning the dial and spindle, by which means the cylinderis turned and a new path for the grinding-wheel brought under the same.

I claim as my invention Vl. The head-stock pivoted at one cornerto thelathe-frame, in combination with a tailstock adjustable transversely tothe frame and a tail-spindle located on the side of the latheframeopposite to the pivot of the head-stock, substantially as set forth.

2. The head-stock pivoted at one corner to the frame, and provided withobliquely-placed ends, in combination with the spindle and thetool-carriage ways, whereby the spindle is held normally oblique to thelathe-frame and carriage-way, and whereby its Obliquity may be varied,substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of the head-stock pivoted at a front corner to thelathe-frame with a tail-stock located on the opposite side of the medianline of the lathe and near the opposite side of the frame, substantiallyas set forth.

4. The combination, with the head-spindle and with an index-disk securedrigidly to said spindle, of a gear-wheel loosely mounted on the spindleand made adjustable in its connection with the index-disk, and a driverengaging the gear-wheel, all as set forth, whereby the cylinder to beground can be adj usted circumferentiall y and then rotated,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination, with the gear-wheel mounted loosely upon thehead-spindle, and the index rigidly fixed on the spindle, provided withmeans for rigidly connecting the same to the gear-wheel, of agear-pinion to engage the gear-wheel, said pinion having a feather orspline connection with its counter-shaft support, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

6. The combination, with the longitudinal slide-bar and the toothedrack-bar, of a shifting bar suitably connected with the slide-bar andhaving an oblique position relatively with the slide-bar and with thelathe-bed,and mechanismfor giving the slide-bar a reciprocating movementin the lengthwise direction of the lathe-bed, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

7-. The combination, with the lengthwise slide-bar and means for givingit a reciprocating movement lengthwise of the lathe-bed, of a shiftingbar having an adjustable connection with the lengthwise slide-bar,whereby it is made capable of an oblique position thereon relativelywith its axis of motion, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. The combination, with the carriage and means for giving it areciprocating movement on the carriage-ways, of a gear-wheel andspindle, a slide rack-bar capable of a reciprocating movementtransversely of the line of travel of the carriage in suitableguideways, and the slide-bar placed immediately below the carriage andlengthwise the lathe connecting the tool-carriage and thetransversely-sliding rack-bar, substantially as and for the purpose setforth. v

9. The combination of the tool-carriage and its driver and thecarriage-ways with a headspindle supported in a position oblique to thecarriage-ways, substantially as set forth, whereby a cone can be groundby a movement of the tool-carriage lengthwise of thelathebed.

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10. The combination, with a tool-post provided with a tubular bearinghaving its axis.

parallel with the line of travel of the carriage, ofa tool-supportingarmjournaled in the tubular bearing of the post and mechanism for givingoscillatory motion to said arm by the movement of the carriage,substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

11. The combination of ajournaled tool or wheel and ajournaled tool-arm,and a lever connecting the tool-arm with a guide, whereby the tool-armis turned in its bearing, substantially as described.

12. The combination, with the lathe-bed and with the lever-arm of thetool-support and with the rotary tool-support, of a guide-bar supportedin a vertical plane substantially parallel with thelathe-bed and madevertically adjustable on its supports, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

13. The combination, with the slide of the tail-stock made adjustable onthe base portion thereof transversely relative wlth the lathebed, of atail-spindle capable of an endwise movement in an end socket thereon,said spindle having its axis oblique to the line of movement of thecarriage, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

14. The combination, with the tail-spindle having its axis oblique tothe line of travel of the carriage and capable of an endwise movement inits oblique support, of a shiftingscrew having a suitablejournal-connection with the spindle and a screw-thread connection withthe slide, substantially as set forth.

15. The combination of a carriage, a toolpost, and journal-bearings forthe axis of the tool or grinding wheel made adj ustable on the arm,whereby the angle between the plane of rotation of the grinding-wheeland the toolarm may be varied, substantially as set forth.

16. The combination, with the journaled toolsupporting arm, of agrinding-wheel whose axis is transverse to the longitudinal direction ofthe tool-arm, a belt-sheave supported to revolve on bearings in the freeend of the arm, and mechanism for oscillating said arm in a directiontransverse to the axis of the wheel, substantially as specified.

17. In combination, a tool-post made adjustable in a directiontransverse to the carriage-ways, a journaled tool-arm adjustable on itshorizontal axis, and a grinding-wheel adapted to revolve on an axistransverse to the length of the tool-arm.

18. The combination of the counter-shaft, pulleys and movable pinionsupported thereon, the gearwheel, spindle, and the removable rackconnected loy intermediate mechanism with the pulleys on thecountershaft, all substantially as set forth, whereby the spindle can berevolved by means of the rack when grinding grooves in the exterior of acylinder, and then, the rack being removed and the pinion adjusted,revolved by the latter while grinding smooth the interior of thecylinder.

19. The combination ofthe pinion movable on the counter-shaft, thegear-wheel, spindle and chuck, the tool-carriage, atransverselyadjustable tool-post, a circumferentially-adjustabletool-arm, and a grinding-wheel, all substantially as set forth, wherebythe interior of a hollow cylinder or cone may be ground.

CHARLES M BROVN.

Witnesses:

DAVID N. STARR, A. O. BEHEL.

